Pipe-bend.



0.1. RATEIKE.

PIPE BE'ND.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 18. 1915 Patented July 10, 1917.

CHARLES J. RATEIKE, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR T ANSON MARK ANDCLAY- TON MARK, COPARTNERS DOING BUSINESS AS MARK MANUFACTURING COMPANY,

OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

PIPE-BEND.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 10, tart.

Application filed March 18, 1915. Serial No. 15,290.

a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, Cook county,Illinois, have invented new and useful Improvements in Pipe-Bends, ofwhich the following is a specification, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is an elevation of a plateblank, of a character suitable for forming into a pipe bend; Figs. 2, 3and 4 are elevations showing successive steps in the reduction andelongation of a blank or shell, preliminary to shaping it into thedesired form; Fig. 5 shows the mechanism and manner of forming the shellor blank into a bend or elbow; Fig. 6 shows the bend or elbow after ithas been operated upon by the mechanism shown in Fig. 5, and Fig. 7shows a formed bend after its closed end has been squared andpreliminary to aperturing it.

My invention relates to pipe bends or elbows, and consists in theformation of bends or elbows from plate blanks or cupshaped shells.Fittings constructed in accordance with my invention are of uniformstrength and thickness, and are extremely cheap and easy to make.Various features of my invention will also be found to be hereinafterdescribed and claimed.

- Referring to the drawings, the plate shown in Fig. 1 is normallyreduced to the shell-like form shown in Fig. 2 by a drawing operation,and may then be reduced by further drawing operations to the forms shownin Figs. 3 and 4:. When it has been reduced so that its open end 2 is ofsubstantially the diameter of one of the ends of the finished bend, itis then placed upon the mandrel 4 of the block 5, so that its end 2 issupported, as is shown in Fig. 5. The block 5 has a curved upper face 6,which corresponds to the curvature which it is desired to have thelonger side of the completed bend assume. The die 7 then descends, andits curved face forms the blank into the shape shown in th dotted linesin Fig. 5, and in full lines in Fig. 6. The end?) of the blank ma thenbe squared, as is shown in Fig. 7, a er which the elbow may be aperturedand threaded.

I have found, in carrying out my invention, that the metal does not drawaway from the end 2, but remains true at that end, and the metal at theend 3 can readily be trued or squared and then apertured or threaded. Itis obvious that completing the form of the blank before aperturing itsclosed end enables the metal to be worked with much greater freedom thanwould be the case if the end was apertured before the shaping operationwas completed. The number of operations necessary to form elbows hasbeen greatly decreased in carrying out my invention, and the resultingproduct is much cheaper than heretofore.

The terms and expressions which I have employed herein are used as termsof description and not of limitation, and I have no intention in the useof such terms andexpressions of excluding any equivalent for thefeatures shown and described, but recog nize that various modificationsare possible within the scope of the invention claimed.

What I claim is:

1. The process of making pipe bends which consists in shaping a shell ofcupshaped form by supporting its bottom end and applying compression tothe exterior of the top and bottom of said shell while the interior ofthe top end is unsupported, and causing one of its sides to bulgeoutwardly in a direction transvers to the lon itudinal axis of the shelland thereby formmg a fitting of elbow shape, and then aperturing thebulged-out portion.

2. The process of making a pipe bend which consists in taking a plate,forming it into a cup-shaped blank having substantially the diameter ofone end of the completed elbow, then swaging the exterior of the blankwhile the interior of the closed end is unsupported and causing one ofits endsto bulge in a direction transverse to the longitudinal axis ofthe blank, and aperturing the bulged side.

3. The process of making pipe bends, laterally, then truing the end ofthe bulged which consists in formingda plate blank into portion andaperturmg it. a shell having a c osed en then supporting v its openendand applying compression to CHARLES RATEIKE' the exterior of its closedend while the in- Witnesses: terior of the closed end is unsupported,and B. PETERSON, thereby causing a side of the shell to bulge CLARENCEMARK.

